THE CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM: INCENTIVE FOR IMPROVING MSW MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES?
Solid waste management is increasingly becoming a priority for major cities in developing countries: e.g. uncollected waste is a public health threat, while disposal by uncontrolled dumping threatens scarce water supplies. Solutions are often constrained by a multitude of factors, including institutional weaknesses and a lack of both finance and mechanisms for cost recovery. Purely technical approaches have often been unsuccessful in the past: e.g. there have been numbers of instances where a city has borrowed money to develop a modern sanitary landfill site, only for the site to revert to an open dump when the money for capital investment runs out as the city cannot afford the running costs (compare e.g. Rouse, 2006).
Current municipal solid waste management practices in developing countries frequently feature public health risks and environmental degradation. Appropriate solutions are often constrained by a lack of both investment finance and mechanisms for cost recovery. ‘Carbon credits’ through the so-called Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol can constitute a useful additional source of revenue in the medium term, providing a welcome financial incentive to instigate and maintain costly new facilities for environmentally sound waste management. This paper outlines the key concepts of the CDM and discusses the opportunities and pitfalls of this new market instrument for furthering sustainable waste management in developing countries. The focus is on landfills, as an appropriate landfill will form part of most waste management systems, and the comparatively large potential to reduce methane emissions makes landfill amenable to CDM. A practical case study from Mexico is used to illustrate both whether and how a CDM project in the waste sector can succeed.
| Copyright: | © IWWG International Waste Working Group | |
| Quelle: | Specialized Session C (Oktober 2007) | |
| Seiten: | 11 | |
| Preis inkl. MwSt.: | € 11,00 | |
| Autor: | N. Zetsche  David C. Wilson | |
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